linux下查看硬盘型号等信息

在准备替换或加装硬盘时，如何得到硬盘信息？
可以用smartctl,hdparm等命令来查询。

在日志中显示硬盘有坏扇区
tail /var/log/messages

Mar 1 09:42:55 c1g smartd[1848]: Device: /dev/hda, 2 Currently unreadable (pending) sectors
Mar 1 09:42:55 c1g smartd[1848]: Device: /dev/hda, 2 Offline uncorrectable sectors

dmesg中也有错误信息
dmesg

ide: failed opcode was: unknown
hda: no DRQ after issuing WRITE
ide0: reset: success
hda: status timeout: status=0xd0 { Busy }

对硬盘做一下健康检查
smartctl -H /dev/hda

smartctl version 5.33 [i386-redhat-linux-gnu] Copyright (C) 2002-4 Bruce Allen
Home page is http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net/

=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED

检测通过，保险起见还是准备换硬盘。
查看下当前硬盘的型号,可以得到硬盘接口为SATAII，及尺寸大小3.5"
smartctl -a /dev/hda

smartctl version 5.33 [i386-redhat-linux-gnu] Copyright (C) 2002-4 Bruce Allen
Home page is http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net/

=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Device Model: ST3160815AS
Serial Number: 6RA7DWM4
Firmware Version: 4.AAB
User Capacity: 160,040,803,840 bytes
Device is: Not in smartctl database [for details use: -P showall]
ATA Version is: 7
ATA Standard is: Exact ATA specification draft version not indicated
Local Time is: Mon Mar 1 10:36:55 2010 CST
SMART support is: Available – device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled

=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED

hdparm也可以得到硬盘型号
hdparm -i /dev/hda

/dev/hda:

Model=ST3160815AS, FwRev=4.AAB, SerialNo=6RA7DWM4
Config={ HardSect NotMFM HdSw>15uSec Fixed DTR>10Mbs RotSpdTol>.5% }
RawCHS=16383/16/63, TrkSize=0, SectSize=0, ECCbytes=4
BuffType=unknown, BuffSize=8192kB, MaxMultSect=16, MultSect=off
CurCHS=16383/16/63, CurSects=16514064, LBA=yes, LBAsects=268435455
IORDY=on/off, tPIO={min:120,w/IORDY:120}, tDMA={min:120,rec:120}
PIO modes: pio0 pio1 pio2 pio3 pio4
DMA modes: mdma0 mdma1 mdma2
UDMA modes: udma0 udma1 udma2
AdvancedPM=no WriteCache=enabled
Drive conforms to: device does not report version:

* signifies the current active mode

也可以通过主板型号来得知支持的硬盘
dmidecode

System Information
Manufacturer: Gigabyte Technology Co., Ltd.
Product Name: 945GCM-S2L