Nagios 安装

Nagios是一个用来监控主机、服务和网络的开放源码软件，很多大的公司或组织都在使用它。

参考资料：
http://yahoon.blog.51cto.com/13184/41300
http://bbs.linuxtone.org/thread-1281-1-1.html
http://bbs.linuxtone.org/thread-2269-1-1.html
nagios官方文档
http://www.nagios.org/docs/
nagios中文文档
http://www.itnms.net/docs/nagios/cn/build/html/
nagios中文相关讨论区
http://bbs.linuxtone.org/forum-20-1.html
http://www.itnms.net/discuz/forumdisplay.php?fid=10&pageD1

nagios下载地址:
http://www.nagios.org/download/

这里选用
nagios-3.0.6.tar.gz
nagios-plugins-1.4.13.tar.gz
nrpe2.12
wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/nagios/nagios-3.0.6.tar.gz?use_mirror=nchc
wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/nagiosplug/nagios-plugins-1.4.13.tar.gz?use_mirror=nchc
wget http://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/nagios/nrpe-2.12.tar.gz

安装nagios
系统为as4
1.创建用户和用户组

#创建用户和用户组
useradd -m nagios
# -s /sbin/nologin 禁止登录，运行命令时可能会有限制，也可以不加本限制
groupadd nagcmd
usermod -G nagcmd nagios
#将nginx或apache运行用户加入组中
usermod -G nagcmd nobody

2.安装nagios

tar zxvf nagios-3.0.6.tar.gz
cd nagios-3.0.6
#gd默认安装路径
#./configure –with-command-group=nagcmd –prefix=/usr/local/nagios –with-gd-lib=/usr/lib64/ –with-gd-inc=/usr/include

./configure –with-command-group=nagcmd –prefix=/usr/local/nagios –with-gd-lib=/usr/local/gd2/lib –with-gd-inc=/usr/local/gd2/include
#以下为编译结果
—————————————————————-
*** Configuration summary for nagios 3.0.6 12-01-2008 ***:

General Options:
————————-
Nagios executable: nagios
Nagios user/group: nagios,nagios
Command user/group: nagios,nagcmd
Embedded Perl: no
Event Broker: yes
Install ${prefix}: /usr/local/nagios
Lock file: ${prefix}/var/nagios.lock
Check result directory: ${prefix}/var/spool/checkresults
Init directory: /etc/rc.d/init.d
Apache conf.d directory: /etc/httpd/conf.d
Mail program: /bin/mail
Host OS: linux-gnu

Web Interface Options:
————————
HTML URL: http://localhost/nagios/
CGI URL: http://localhost/nagios/cgi-bin/
Traceroute (used by WAP): /bin/traceroute

Review the options above for accuracy. If they look okay,
type ‘make all’ to compile the main program and CGIs.
—————————————————-
make all
make install
make install-init
make install-config
make install-commandmode

3.安装nagios-plugins

tar zxvf nagios-plugins-1.4.13.tar.gz
cd nagios-plugins-1.4.13
./configure –with-nagios-user=nagios –with-nagios-group=nagios –prefix=/usr/local/nagios

checking for ping6… /bin/ping6
checking for ICMP ping syntax…
到这里就停住了，应该是ipv6问题，加上–with-ping-command参数编译

参考下面地址：
http://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/linux-software-2/.configure-script-hangs-at-checking-for-icmp-ping-syntax…l-499235/
http://bbs.bitscn.com/195707
./configure –with-nagios-user=nagios –with-nagios-group=nagios –prefix=/usr/local/nagios –with-ping-command=”/bin/ping” –enable-perl-modules –with-mysql=/opt/mysql
make

–with-apt-get-command:
–with-ping6-command: /bin/ping6 -n -U -w %d -c %d %s
–with-ping-command: /bin/ping
–with-ipv6: yes
–with-mysql: /opt/mysql/bin/mysql_config
–with-openssl: yes
–with-gnutls: no
–enable-extra-opts: no
–with-perl: /usr/bin/perl
–enable-perl-modules: yes
–with-cgiurl: /nagios/cgi-bin
–with-trusted-path: /bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin

如果没有mysql关联,libexec目录不会产生check_mysql,utils.pm等文件

make install
#查看播件文件是否已安装在这个目录
ls /usr/local/nagios/libexec

4.配置nginx的web口
如果使用apache可以在安装nagios时使用make install-webconf，不需要下面的配置

我的web server是nginx ，编辑nginx.conf

location ~ \.cgi$ {
root /usr/local/nagios/sbin;
allow 192.168.54.83; #充许访问的客户端ip

deny all;
auth_basic “Restricted”;
auth_basic_user_file nagios;
rewrite ^/nagios/cgi-bin/(.*)\.cgi /$1.cgi break;

fastcgi_index index.cgi;
fastcgi_pass unix:/dev/shm/perl_cgi-dispatch.sock;
fastcgi_param HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING gzip,deflate;

fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nagios/sbin$fastcgi_script_name;

include fcgi.conf;
}

location /nagios/ {
alias /usr/local/nagios/share/;
allow 192.168.54.83;

deny all;
auth_basic “Restricted”;
auth_basic_user_file nagios;

}

5.使用apache的htpasswd生成用户和口令

/opt/apache/bin/htpasswd -c /opt/nginx/conf/nagios nagiosadmin

6.修改nagios配置文件
修改etc/cgi.cfg中的用户为nagiosadmin

authorized_for_system_information=nagiosadmin
authorized_for_configuration_information=nagiosadmin
authorized_for_system_commands=nagiosadmin//多个用户之间用逗号隔开
authorized_for_all_services=nagiosadmin
authorized_for_all_hosts=nagiosadmin
authorized_for_all_service_commands=nagiosadmin
authorized_for_all_host_commands=nagiosadmin

测试时可以将use_authentication=0

修改etc/objects/contacts.cfg联系人

define contact{
contact_name nagiosadmin ; Short name of user
use generic-contact ; Inherit default values from generic-contact template (defined above)
alias Nagios Admin ; Full name of user

email nagios@localhost ; <<***** CHANGE THIS TO YOUR EMAIL ADDRESS ******
}

 

修改本机配置etc/objects/localhost.cfg

上传配置文件
检查配置文件

/usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg

7.启动nagios

#启动
/etc/rc.d/init.d/nagios start
#手工启动
/usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -d /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
#重启
/etc/rc.d/init.d/nagios reload

8.reload nginx server

/opt/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
kill -HUP `cat /opt/nginx/logs/nginx.pid`

nagios安装完成
访问http://localhost/nagios/就可以看到了

安装内存监控插件

wget “http://www.nagiosexchange.org/cgi-bin/jump.cgi?ID=1789&view=File1;d=1”
mv jump.cgi\?ID\=1789\&view\=File1\;d\=1 check_mem.pl.gz
gunzip check_mem.pl.gz
mv check_mem.pl /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_mem
chown nagios:nagios check_mem
chmod 0755 check_mem
./check_mem -w 95,60 -c 120,80
#测试结果
OK: Memory Usage (W> 95, C> 120): 83%
Swap Usage (W> 60, C> 80): 3%|MemUsed=83%;95;120 SwapUsed=3%;60;80

commands.cfg增加

define command{
command_name check_mem
command_line $USER1$/check_mem -w $ARG1$ -c $ARG2$
}

监控对像文件localhost.cfg添加

define service{
use local-service ; Name of service template to use
host_name localhost
service_description memory
check_command check_mem!110,50!150,80
notifications_enabled 0
}

重新加载文件

/etc/init.d/nagios reload

访问http://localhost/nagios/ 输入口令后就可以看到界面了

疑难杂征
在service detail中看到ping的命令行是黄色的。

Current Status:
UNKNOWN
(for 3d 17h 46m 12s)
Status Information: ping
CRITICAL – Could not interpret output from ping command

多数情况为nagios用户没有执行ping的权限
可以先测试下ping命令有无返回

ping 127.0.0.1

nagios用户无执行权权时:
root下

chmod u+s /path/ping

参考:http://blog.chinaunix.net/u/9861/showart_1001559.html

路径不正确时:
nagios插件编译时使用参数
–with-ping-command=”/bin/ping”
参考:http://marc.info/?l=netsaintplug-help&m=101980226726163&w=2

禁ping时：

cat /proc/sys/net/ipv4/icmp_echo_ignore_all
#非0执行下面
echo 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/icmp_echo_ignore_all

还需检查下其它地方有无禁ping设置,如/etc/rc.local

nagios里点”3-D Status Map”时提示”打开statuswrl.cgi”的问题

这个问题是玩nagios最常见的问题
nagios的官方网站的faq里都有得说，看这里
意思差不多就是说：“如果要看3-D statusmap CGI (statuswrl.cgi)的输出的话，得为你的web浏览器安装vrml的client(客户端)或plugin(插件)”
然后还推荐了四个
Cortona (Parallel Graphics)
Cosmo Player (Computer Associates and NIST)
FreeWRL和OpenVRML
好像最后两个没有windows版本
所以如果是用windows机器看的话
需要装前两个软件之一,我安装的是Cortona3D Viewer ,支持ie7和firefox

访问本网址可以查看适合的plugin
http://cic.nist.gov/vrml/vbdetect.html

Firefox添加Nagios插件
https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/3607

解决Nagios安装好后statusmap.cgi找不到的问题

• libgd
• libgd-devel
• libpng
• libpng-devel
• libjpeg
• libjpeg-devel
• zlib
• zlib-devel

run ‘make devclean‘ in your Nagios source code distribution directory and rerun the configure script

我的gd安装在/usr/local/gd2/
./configure –prefix=/usr/local/nagios –with-gd-lib=/usr/local/gd2/lib –with-gd-inc=/usr/local/gd2/include

iconv找不时的出错
statusmap.cgi: error while loading shared libraries: libiconv.so.2: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

ldd /usr/local/nagios/sbin/statusmap.cgi
libgd.so.2 => /usr/lib64/libgd.so.2 (0x0000003f16e00000)
libiconv.so.2 => not found

找一下libiconv.so.2是不是在/usr/local/lib/中,并且该目录不在/etc/ld.so.conf中
将目录放入动态库中
echo “/usr/local/lib” >> /etc/ld.so.conf
ldconfig -v
再刷新下页面,问题解决.

安装NRPE

tar zxvf nrpe2.12.tar.gz
cd nrpe2.12
./configure
./make all
./make install-plugin
#监控机只需安装到这步